Postmodernism And Its Influence On Modern Society

Postmodernism is a complex term that has tried to be describes by many different theorist in many different ways. Some say that it is so hard to define because it is an idea that emerges across and variety of disciplines. In its most basic form Postmodernism can be describes at â€Å"departure from modernism and is characterized by the self-conscious use of earlier styles and conventions, a mixing of different artistic styles and media, and a general distrust of theories† (Oxford Dictionary, 2010). So with this definition in mind we must look at modernism and the movement away from this to postmodernism. We will also look at the characteristic of postmodernism and how it is represented in the media culture. The phrase ‘postmodernism’ was used to depict a style in architecture in the early 1960’s, this style used components from the past architectural styles and combined them to create buildings. This term was coined and used by cultural and political theorist to express contemporary Western and global society, two of theorists which will be discussed is Fredric Jameson and Linda Hitcheon who have apposing views on the theory. Fredric Jameson is an American literary critic and Marxist political theorist. Jameson argues that a shift in the economic society began in the late 1960’s, and that the world is moving into a phase he calls â€Å"late capitalism.† Jameson view is that there is a link between the economic changes that has lead to a postmodern style of living, however that itShow MoreRelatedCulture and Worldviews990 Words   |  4 Pagespeople to determine how they should function in society. Traditional gender roles differ from culture to culture and evolve with time. In some cultures woman are taught to be caregivers and men providers. Girls are taught what is expected of them from their elders such as cooking and cleaning and boys are taught to do manual labor. These cultural expectations influence the way an individual views their function in society and others around them. Influences of worldviews Worldviews come in many formsRead MorePostmodernism : Modernism And Postmodernism1549 Words   |  7 PagesModernism and Postmodernism To begin with, to determine the meaning of postmodernism is possible only through the relationship with modernism. Modernism in modern science is understood as a kind of cultural consciousness, which is implemented in the artistic practice of symbolism, expressionism and acmeism. In the socio-historical context, it means the period of modernism in the development of culture from the late nineteenth to mid-twentieth century, that is, from Impressionism to a new novel andRead MorePostmodernism : Modernism And Postmodernism1472 Words   |  6 PagesModernism and Postmodernism are both two important eras in design. Postmodernism takes a lot of concepts from the modernism era. Both modernism and post modernism focus on Style, Social analysis, Cultural Context, Philosophy, Politics, Human experience, Machine aesthetics, and the constant transformation of the â€Å"New†. An interesting fact of the Modernism and Postmodernism is the use of the psychology and philosophy themes 1. Sub jectivity 2.History 3. Culture and 4. Theoretically divers aestheticsRead MorePostmodernism : What Is Post Modernism?1389 Words   |  6 Pagesthat remains succinct is quite ironic as postmodernism opposes the attempt to ascribe one broad meaning to any â€Å"thing†. Postmodernism has often been referred to as the destruction of the Metanarrative. Thought-out all cultural eras society has usually had a focal point in their cultures. The age of enlightenment used God, modernists used technology, postmodernism seems to have disregarded structure all together. We can only truly understand what postmodernism is if we can understand the ideas thatRead More Social Experience and the Constructed Self Essay816 Words   |  4 PagesSocial Experience and the Constructed Self In the last few decades, our culture has adopted postmodernism as the predominant model of thought, as opposed to the modernist philosophy previously held. It is important that we understand both of these theories in order to fully understand the way that technology is shaping our thinking and our identities as individuals. Stephen Frosh, in his article â€Å"Social Experience and the Constructed Self,† explains each of these philosophies in terms of theirRead MorePostmodern Concepts Influence on Museology934 Words   |  4 Pagesmuseum classifications which determine the audiences’ perspectives on exhibitions. Postmodernism is highly influential and appealing because it is avant-garde (challenging past traditions). People appreciate new concepts, especially those that challenge the concept of art. The process of curation not only considers the organisation of the exhibition but is highly influenced by conceptual frameworks, postmodernism being part of the world agen cy. Museum classifications affect different audience perspectivesRead MoreEssay about Summary and Analysis on Practices of Looking915 Words   |  4 Pagesmovements such as Realism and Cubism, the chapter draws out the history of concepts of realism in images. It analyzes the occurrence of visual knowledge, from cinematography to the Internet and how they have influenced the way images are portrayed in society. This chapter, in whole, presents an analysis of how the meanings of images have altered over time. The concepts of the mass media and the public sphere are observed in chapter five of Practices of Looking. It discusses a little about the historyRead MorePostmodernism Is An Argument For Understanding Contemporary Families1169 Words   |  5 PagesTo what extent is postmodernism useful in understanding contemporary families? There are many ways to define the word family. ‘For some it is easy to define what the family should be, namely a heterosexual conjugal unit based on marriage and co-residence.’ (Silva and Smart, 2004) Which follows on and connects with the definition that a family is a fundamental social group in society typically consisting of one or two parents and their children. (Oxford Dictionaries / English 2017) However, in today’sRead More Social Psychology Essay1687 Words   |  7 PagesThere are many explanations for the origins of modern social psychology. It is therefore important to consider that social psychology cannot be traced back to one single source of origin (Burr, 2003). Hence, this is the reason why there are debates of what social psychology is. Allport (1985) described social psychology as the study an individual’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviours which are influenced by the actual, imagines, or implied presence of others. As seen from this def inition there isRead MoreThe View of Humanity and Morality; as seen through Modern Literature725 Words   |  3 PagesModern literature is a reflection of modern society, and the ways in which humanity is valued has greatly impacted the modern age. The view of humanity is the effect of a worldview. One of the most important places in which to observe the view of humanity is in the United States. For over half of the 20th century, the US population was divided; this division was not between the states or north and south. This division was in every county, town and city. The entire nation was segregated; blacks

My View Of Computer Science Essay - 1371 Words

Experiencing childhood in a small town of India, owning a computer was only a fantasy. I used to peek through the computer lab at school to have a glimpse of computers. I remember the day as if it were yesterday when computer science was incorporated into the course curriculum. Playing a game or using a computer was nothing but a dream for me, so I immediately enrolled for this class. Throughout the course not just I get the opportunity to play games, I was instructed how to code.. The coding of games became possible through the means of utilizing the knowledge gained through the course of JAVA. This class not only changed my perspective of computers, a method of playing games but have additionally expanded my view of the digital world. As a high school student, I excelled in courses related to mathematics, physics, chemistry and computers. I was awestruck by the power of computer programming languages and the internal hardware of computers, which enabled the transfer of data from on e point to another wirelessly with the help of internet. I was constantly inquisitive to see how information can be exchanged starting with one point then on to the next with no association of wires. Owing to my natural tendency towards the software and hardware parts of the computer, engineering was a natural career choice. I pursued Engineering in Electronics and Communication as my university major at National Institute of Technology, Delhi. Throughout my undergraduate studies, I enrolled inShow MoreRelatedComputer Science As A Science1021 Words   |  5 PagesSTATEMENT OF PURPOSE Computer science spans the range from theory through programming to cutting-edge development of computing solutions. Computer science offers a foundation to adapt new technologies and new ideas. It has become one of the booming fields in the world. 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The IndianRead MoreThe Future of Computer Science Essay946 Words   |  4 PagesThe Future of Computer Science Computer Science, Software Engineering and Information Systems are international qualifications, enabling people to work globally, and in a very broad variety of roles. There is steady growth in demand for technically adept and flexible IT graduates. Declining student enrollment, while growth continues in law, medicine, biology, economics, and business; the decline among women is particularly alarming (Klawe and Shneiderman 27). Computer science is now a part ofRead MoreI Am Gained Through Philosophy, Even For The Computer Science Student1712 Words   |  7 Pagesthrough philosophy, even for the computer science student. When I first learned that this was a required course for my degree curriculum, I did not believe I would find value in taking the course. Now I am going to present my evaluation of why I have changed my mind. What is the definition of philosophy? 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While at the time it sounded to me like a salesman trying to sell me an useless product, now I understand the idea of â€Å"college is about the experience† a lot more. Now I see what that really means, and that means, at least to me, that college is a long journey of self-discovery. While learning how to program, being proficient at Math and English are crucial to my major(Computer Science)Read MoreCollege Is A Long Journey Of Self Discovery1365 Words   |  6 Pagesexperience. That’s what my ESL teacher, Mrs. Cruz, told me when I was a sophomore in high school. And she couldn’t be more right. While at the time it sounded to me like a salesman trying to sell me an useless product, now I understand the idea of â€Å"college is about the experience†. Now I see what that means, at least to me, college is a long journey of self-discovery. 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Themes in “Night” by Elie Wiesel Free Essays

THemes 1. ) Man’s inhumanity to man Removal of human looks that defined who they are * Same uniform * Cut hair to remove individuality. * â€Å"In a few seconds we had ceased to be men† 37 * â€Å"I became A-7713. We will write a custom essay sample on Themes in â€Å"Night† by Elie Wiesel or any similar topic only for you Order Now From then on, I had no other name†42 The harshness of the camp quickly transformed them into selfish indifferent people * â€Å"I had not even blinked, only yesterday I would have dug my nails into the criminals flesh† 39 * â€Å"you’re killing your father†101 * â€Å"The old man mumbled something, groaned and died. Nobody cared† 101 * â€Å"I shall never forgive myself. Nor shall I forgive the world for having pushed me against the wall, for having turned me into a stranger, for having awakened in me the basest, most primitive instincts. † Xii * â€Å"In this place, it is every man for himself, and you can not think of others. Not even your father. In this place there is no such thing as a father, brother, friend. Each of us lives and dies alone. † * â€Å"All of a sudden, this pleasant and intelligent young man had changed. His eyes were shining with greed† The inhumane treatment of Jews â€Å"He looked at us like a pack of leprous dogs clinging to life† 38 * â€Å"If one of us stopped for a second, a quick shot eliminated the filthy dog† 85 * â€Å"Two cauldrons of hot, steaming soup had been left untended†¦ supreme temptation â€Å"59 * â€Å"Hunger was tormenting us; we had not eaten for nearly six days† 114 * â€Å"We had been 100 or so in this wagon. Twelve of us left it† 103 * The removal of the Jew’s rights were the first sign of discrimination 2. ) Faith and Loss Loss of human life and integrity * â€Å"Those whose numbers had been noted were standing apart, abandoned by the whole world. 72 Faith in God and themselves made them stronger * â€Å"if only he could of kept his faith in God and considered this suffering as a divine test, he would not have been swept away by selection† * Have faith in life†¦ by driving out despair you will move away from death† 41 * â€Å"a prayer to this God in whom I no longer believed. Oh God master of the universe, give me the strength never to do what Rabbi Eliahu’s son has done. † * â€Å"we mustn’t give up hope, even now as the sword hangs over our heads. † Loss of faith in God made them weak â€Å"Where is God†¦ hanging here from the gallows† 65 * â€Å"My eyes had opened and I was alone, terribly alone in a world without God, without man. Without love or mercy. I was nothing but ashes now† 68 * â€Å"But as soon as he felt the first chinks in his faith, he lost all incentive to fight and opened the door to death† 77 * â€Å"I have more faith in Hitler than anybody else. He alone has kept his promises, all his promises to the Jewish people. † 81 * â€Å" I suffer hell in my soul and in my flesh†¦ how can anybody believe in this God of mercy† 3. ) Kindness in adversity Helping each other out in times of need Elie’s father made sure Elie didn’t â€Å"fall asleep forever† in the snow despite his exhaustion. Pg 88 * The French girl risked her life by saying to Elie in almost perfect German, â€Å"don’t cry. Keep your anger, your hate, for another day, for later. The day will come but not now†¦ wait. Clench your teeth and wait† * â€Å"Elie even gave his dying father extra rations, despite being told to â€Å"stop giving your ration of bread and soup too your old fatherâ⠂¬ ¦ in fact you should be getting his rations. † * Working through the struggles together see father son relationships Elie and father * â€Å"No. You’re eighteen†¦ Not fifty. You’re forty. Dou you hear? Eighteen and forty. † 30 4. ) Father/son relationship * Elie and his father * Elie’s father made sure Elie didn’t â€Å"fall asleep forever† in the snow despite his exhaustion. Pg 88 * â€Å"my father’s presence was the only thing that stopped me† 87 * â€Å"I had no right to let myself die. What would he do without me? I was his sole support. † * â€Å"Elie even gave his dying father extra rations, despite being told to â€Å"stop giving your ration of bread and soup too your old father†¦ in fact you should be getting his rations. † * Rabbi Eliahu and his son â€Å"side by side they had endured the suffering , the blows; they had waited for their ration of bread and they had prayed† pg 91 * â€Å"he had felt his father growing weaker and, believing the end was near, had thought by this separation to free himself of a burden that could dimin ish his own chance for survival. †91 * The man on the train and his son * â€Å"You’re killing your father†¦ I have bread for you too†¦ for you to† 101 5. ) Conscience/remorse/indifference Indifference * â€Å"Since my father’s death, nothing mattered to me anymore† 113 * â€Å"The old man mumbled something, groaned and died. Nobody cared† 101 * â€Å"we no longer feared death† 60 * â€Å"I was no longer arguing with him but death itself, with death that he had already chosen† 105 Manipulated conscience/Remorse * â€Å"deep inside me, if I could have searched the recesses of my feeble conscience, I might have found something like: Free at last! * â€Å"I shall never forgive myself. Nor shall I forgive the world for having pushed me against the wall, for having turned me into a stranger, for having awakened in me the basest, most primitive instincts. † Xii * â€Å"I gave him what was left of my soup. But my heart was heavy, I was aware I was doing it grudgingly† 107 6. ) Survival and death Surviving by escaping reality * â€Å"All I had to do was close my eyes to see a whole world pass before me, to dream of another life† 87 * â€Å"He was forever praying or meditating to some Talmudic question. For him it was an escape from reality, from feeling the blows† 86 Stars = Jews Conflagration = the war, destruction The idea of death * A place to rest without suffering Surviving to rebel against God/Germans * â€Å"Something inside me rebelled against that death† 88 * â€Å"We had transcended everything – death, fatigue, our natural needs. We were stronger than cold and hunger, stronger than the guns and the desire to die, doomed and rootles, nothing but numbers, we were the only men on earth† 87 * †there was no longer any reason for me to fast. I no longer accepted god’s silence. As I swallowed my ration of soup, I turned that act into a symbol of rebellion, of protest against him. † Just going through the motions and not losing hope * â€Å"There were two of us: my body and I† 85 * â€Å"Don’t think, don’t stop, run† 86 * â€Å"No one was praying for the night to pass quickly. Night was an escape from reality, a time of rest. The stars were but sparks of the immense conflagration that was consuming us. â€Å" The night was not nearly as bad as the day, only sparks of the war The Jews were just a part of the war * â€Å"Were this conflagration to be extinguished one day, nothing would be left in the sky but extinct stars and unseeing eyes. † What would happ en if the war is finished?. Unseeing eyes =The holocaust may be forgotten, people choose to not see the light of God (loss of faith) Gods light (stars) will be destroyed God has turned his back on the people Extinct stars = people losing faith in the light of God How to cite Themes in â€Å"Night† by Elie Wiesel, Essay examples

Ethical Leadership Ethical Environment and Culture

Question: Discuss about the Ethical Leadership for Ethical Environment and Culture. Answer: Introduction: The businessmen who are ready to stop at nothing today, hardly give a second thought when it comes to making a decision where its a choice between doing what is ethical and what is going to make money for them. The Volkswagens emission test scandal was where they installed a software in their cars that hacked the car emission test and made the cars pass the test even though the emission from the vehicle was far above the optimum required level. Another alarming revelation happened in Australia where its largest convenience store chain 7 eleven was found to be using illegal work practices and underpaying its employees to save costs and exploiting the young foreign workers. These cases highlight the rampant practices of dishonesty, fraudulent practices, exploitation, illegal activities, merciless profiteering and ethical malpractices (Rhodes, 2015). What is common among both these cases is that the decisions were well thought out and willingly taken. The decision makers had a fair idea about what was happening and these were not mistakes but pre decided choices that they made. In both cases, they made the choice to make money rather than caring about the compliance to the standards or doing what was ethically correct. The Volkswagen tampered with the emission tests using a software that was installed in the car (Ferguson Toft, 2015). This happened for seven long years and wasnt a one-time choice or a hasty decision that was taken. The German car manufacturing company continued to install this software and play with the emissions test for seven long years until they were caught. The 7 eleven was also going on for years before the workers let out their franchisee practices and illegal ways of working. In both these organizations, the cheating and unethical practices have resulted in huge profit margins. Volkswagen became the worlds biggest car manufacturer in the year 2009, the exact year when this scam was started. 7 eleven has been working profitably and has been awarded with the franchisor of the year prize twice (Ross, 2015). The wage fraud and the exploitation of the workforce resulted in low operational costs of the store and increased profits for both the franchisee owners and the organization. A professor of Management and Organizational Studies at Macquarie University, Carl Rhodes has said that it is a mistake to think that businesses can be ethical. Although the statement enraged the business houses and the people collectively at that time, these cases prove just that. These were two organizations with mass following and people studied their business structure and operations. They were considered successful companies with mass following. There are business people who are meticulous about the ethical standards and take pride in adhering to the business ethics (James, 2016). Organizations like Volkswagen and 7 eleven drag everyone down with themselves. Ethical behavior is not incompatible with corporate logic. The tainted reputation and bad publicity that these scandals have brought to these organizations is very little when compared to the profits that they made by being unethical. The organizations took the easy way and minted money until they were caught. The organizations that were enormous in size and had thousands of employees working for them who were aware of what was going on got away with this for so long (Somers, 2001). It was not just the organizations, but also the workers who decided to stay quiet knowing completely well what was going on and what was unethical. It is a failure in business ethics and failure of the society as an ethical group. It shows that the corporate houses and manufacturing organizations cannot be given the liberty to make the decisions related to business ethics and ethical functioning of the organizations. As in the above cases, the organizations will always choose their own business interests and profit margins with little consideration of what is eth ically or socially right or is an environmentally viable option. On the contrary, the organizations will try to find the easiest way out with little to no consideration about the ethical and morally responsible thing to do. These scandals are living examples of how the malpractices can cause damage to the business functions and their goodwill. Volkswagen had to recall million of the faulty cars and the loss of reputation along with loss of sales had made the organization hapless. The CEO of Volkswagen resigned and the 6.5 billion Euros that the organization earned through the scam will all be used up in the remanufacturing and restructuring the organization (James, 2016). The wage scandal of 7 eleven caused the chairman of the organization Russ Withers and their CEO Warren Wilmot to resign. The new CEO had to face the wrath of the disgruntled employees and franchisee owners and public dissent. Both these revelations were a collective work of scientists, NGOs, academics, media, politicians and the public and it was not just one heroic individual that came to the rescue of the distressed world. These cases are termed as a victory of the society over the unethically functioning business houses. These incidents can be considered a victory of ethical work environment. They will forever be touted as the living examples of how important the organizations ethical choices are and how their adherence is a must. They are also and eye openers for the corporate houses who think that they can get away with the practice that are profitable for the business, but ethically wrong and the monetary and non-monetary damage that they can cause to the organizations working. Instances like these promote morally responsible behavior and can serve as a wakeup call to the organizations involved in ethically reprehensible actions and practices and influence their decision making process. Ethics significance in context of leadership The leaders who lead with dignity and treat everyone with trust and respect are defined as ethical leaders. In order to lead effectively and instill trust for the organization in the minds of the customers, leaders and other team members, it is necessary that the leaders lead with ethics and moral dignity. Creating a culture of ethics is very important as we have studied the cases of Volkswagen and understand the repercussions of not adhering to the same. Ethical leaders have efficient functioning, trustworthy workforce, organizational harmony and a tremendous impact on the people associated with the organization in any form. Creating an ethical environment is a mammoth task that unlike the general implementations begins from the top (Freeman, 2006). The ethics focused culture has to begin by adoption of ethical practices of the leaders as the first step. Once the leaders have it figured out and have the commitment to ethics and ethical culture clear in their mind, the next step is t o communicate it to the rest of the team. It may be a tedious and time consuming process, but once done the impact of this is long lasting and will result in the holistic growth of the organization. Employees of any organization are ready to accept the ethical ways of working when they are explained to them in a clear and unambiguous manner. Ethical environment is the one where every decision taken is fair, encouraging and supporting to not just the customers, but also to their own employees. Ethical working needs consistent commitment, it is not a one time process or decision and is definitely not an easy option when there are easier and profitable options that are more tempting (Mihelic Lipicnik, 2010). The moral principles are made to guide a person in day to day life, in the same way the ethical directives help the organizations set a code of conduct for both the leaders and the employees. Ethics are the standards that help the leaders make decisions in their day to day life. The ethics affect the day to day working of the organization and give them the guidelines to follow. Although the ethical code of conduct for an organization is common for all the employees right from the top management to the leaders to the subordinate employees and service staff, but the implementation and the application of these begins at the top of the organization. The leaders led the way for the employees with their ethical behavior and decisions and the rest of the organization follows their lead. Leaders are considered the role models of the organization and it is their responsibility to make ethical standards the way of life for the organization as a whole (Butts, 2012). The ethics and ethical code of conduct for an organization has to be practiced in every part and function of the organization right from hiring the employees to their training, performance, performance management, mentoring and employee engagement (Nath, 2009). The results of ethical leadership are profound and all the studies performed in these areas have proved this. A lot of researches have established that practicing ethical leadership in the organization leads to higher job satisfaction and employee engagement levels. The organizations practicing ethical leadership have been found to have lower employee turnover and more sense of belongingness among the employees. The ethical conduct of the leaders makes the organization and the employees more trusting and the employees are proving to have higher ethical standards as well. The employees are attracted to and fond of the leaders who support them, encourage fair treatment in the organization and are ethically reliable. There is no denying the fact that the leaders who work ethically are always in demand and are sought for by organizations and employees alike. Their ways of working not only make the employees happy, but are also profitable for the organizations in the long run. The workpla ces now-a-days are constantly evolving and becoming an employee centric. The organizational working is becoming more transparent and collaborative and there is an increase in demand for the leaders who have their ethics and moral principles in place (Kokemuller, 2015). Ethical leadership, although looks very attractive from the outside, the intricacies involved in practicing ethical leadership are huge. It means choosing the right thing to do always and at every step. It may even mean standing against the odds and sometimes even against the peers for what is the correct thing to do. Ethical leadership involves knowing the core values that a person and the organization stand for and having the courage to live by these values in the personal and professional parts of life. It means leading in a way that honors every individual and ensures they get what is rightfully theirs (Nijhof Olaf Fisscher, 1997). For very long time, the expectations from a leader were to get as much work done from their subordinates as possible and make a profit for the organization and result in higher productivity, but with the changing times the outlooks as well as the expectations from the leaders are changing. Good leadership is not limited to competence and productivity but also to the ethical conduct that transforms the way of working of an organization and the lives of its employees and the customers. Ethical leaders ensure the carrying out of ethical practices in the organization. Leaders are the people who hold the position of power on the job and off duty as well (Education, 2016). They influence their followers and make them perform in the planned manner and complete the tasks designated for them. Effective leaders are also responsible for stimulating attitudinal change within the organization and influence the processes to make them more efficient while adhering to the organizational code of conduct. They amplify the environment of the organization and make them self reliant decision makers. Ethical leaders are also found to be nurturers and supporters and are therefore respected and admired by the employees even more (Sadler, 2011). How can organizations environment become more ethical The ethical behavior and code of conduct of an organization is a much talked about topic. Most of the organizations are however still clueless as to how to implement and encourage a culture of ethical conduct within the organization. Many business organizations treat the ethical code of conduct as a sermon that has to be delivered in the organization. When it comes to ethics, it becomes difficult not to preach, but preaching alone will only make no difference (Buren, 2010). The organization and its leaders need to lead by example and show the employees how things can be done effectively while adhering to the ethical conduct. A good ethical behavior is a reflection of smart business practices. This is the reason why the organizations today are inclined towards ethics and ethical standards (Trevio Weaver, 2006). The bedrock of ethical behavior in an organization lies on certain values that are common for all the organizations irrespective of their nature of operations. The first and most important value is respect. All organizations run on the principle of mutual respect. The organization needs to respect itself as well as the stakeholders. The employees need to respect the organization and their leaders and the leaders need to have respect for their subordinates and the organizational values. Training and coaching of the employees is a must but mutual respect acts as a catalyst to the organizational working. This will help the leaders and the management and the need for micro management will disappear (Elango, et al., 2010). The organization must not hire or perform business with the people they do not respect and the employees must not work for an organization that they do not believe in or respect. The next value that fosters ethical environment is an honor. The organization must honor go od performers and value them. The organizations generally have a policy to reward the top performers, but it is also important to go beyond the sales figures and reward the people who put in hard work and show exemplary behavior ethically. The people who have contributed to the success of the organization. These people must be honored and motivated to promote such behavior even more. Integrity is another value that must be promoted for ethical behavior in the organization. It is important for the people in the organization to know the importance of integrity (E Fox, 2013). The employees must not cheat, steal or lie and always work with integrity towards themselves and towards the organization. It is necessary to allow them the space to own up to a mistake that they have done, but it is also important to understand that integrity is not something that can be developed in a day. It is a value that a person either has or doesnt and having people who do not possess this value will diminish trust in the leaders and the organization. The employees must be taught to treat others as they would like to be treated. They must not sell the organizations values short and must always adhere to the code of ethical conduct for the organization. The employees and the organization should always be customer oriented. No doubt the primary purpose of every organization is to make and maximize the profit, but the organizations are in business only because of their customers. This is one point that no person should ever forget. Without the customers, the company is nothing. If the organization is not providing the customers what they are asking for there is no point to that company. Being customer focused reinforces the responsibility that the organization has towards the customers and gives the directives to the employees as well. Customer orientation is important for the organ ization as the company failing to implement it not only risks the breach of the ethical code of conduct but also risk the long term health of the organization. Another point that the companies must focus on is result orientation. The organization must focus on the results and work on achieving them by following the organizational values The aim of the companys functioning must not be the results achievement but the efforts that people put in to achieve them (Elango, et al., 2010). An ideal ethical leader would first establish the goals and expected results for the employees and then support and guide them to achieve the same. This will only happen if the employees have trust in their leaders and respect for them. The leaders must provide feedback to the employees and results must not be numbers, but benchmarks and lessons for the future and goals to be achieved in the present. All great organizations are made of people who have a passion for what they are doing. The organizations who perform the best are not the ones with the highest paid employees, but the employees who are driven by excitement and thrill and want to make a difference in the organization and the world. If the passion is missing within the employees, they will put in minimal efforts and this attitude is highly infectious. Thus it is important to keep challenging the workforce and keep them engaged and excited about the work to be done. Persistence is also an important factor that contributes t o the ethical working. The employees must have a will to persist and keep going even when it gets tough. The leaders have to put in a lot of efforts to keep the fuel alive in the employees and constantly guide them in making the organization ethically driven. References Buren, J., 2010. Ethical Leadership, s.l.: Noonmark Nonprofit Services, Available at: https://www.uvm.edu/sites/default/files/ethical_leadership_factsheet.pdf Butts, J., 2012. Ethics in leadership and organizations, Available at: https://www.jblearning.com/samples/0763749761/EthicalLeaderhip.pdf Fox, E., 2013. Ethical Leadership:Fostering an Ethical Environment Culture, Available at: https://www.ethics.va.gov/ELprimer.pdf Education, S. U. S. o., 2016. Theories of ethics, Available at: https://soe.syr.edu/academic/counseling_and_human_services/modules/Common_Ethical_Issues/theories_of_ethics.aspx Elango, B., Paul, K., Kundu, S. Paudel, S., 2010. Organizational Ethics, Individual Ethics, and Ethical Intentions in International Decision-Making. Journal of Business Ethics, pp. 1-19. Ferguson, A. Toft, K., 2015. 7-Eleven: The Price of Convenience, Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/4corners/stories/2015/08/30/4301164.htm Freeman, R., 2006. Developing Ethical Leadership: Business Roundtable Institute for Corporate Ethics, Available at: https://www.corporate-ethics.org/pdf/ethical_leadership.pdf James, N., 2016. Statement on 7-Eleven, Available at: https://www.fairwork.gov.au/about-us/news-and-media-releases/2016-media-releases/april-2016/20160409-7-eleven-presser Kokemuller, N., 2015. Common Types of Ethical Issues Within Organizations. [Online] Available at: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/common-types-ethical-issues-within-organizations-15238.html Mihelic, K. Lipicnik, B., 2010. Ethical Leadership. International Journal of Management Information Systems, 14(5), pp. 1-12. Nath, S., 2009. Managerial Ethics. [Online] Available at: https://www.slideshare.net/siddharth4mba/managerial-ethics-presentation-967676 Nijhof, A. Olaf Fisscher, 1997. Dealing with Ethical Dilemmas in Organizational Change Processes. International Journal of Value-Based Management, May, 10(02), pp. 173-192. Rhodes, C., 2015. 7-Eleven, Volkswagen cases show why we should push back on corporate ethics, Available at: https://theconversation.com/7-eleven-volkswagen-cases-show-why-we-should-push-back-on-corporate-ethics-48739 Ross, D., 2015. Heroic leadership: Volkswagen, 7-eleven and failing sustainability, Available at: https://www.phoenixstrategic.com.au/heroic-leadership-volkswagen-7-eleven-and-failing-sustainability/ Sadler, G., 2011. Five Ethical Theories: Bare Bones for Business Educators, Available at: https://www.academia.edu/1702607/Five_Ethical_Theories_Bare_Bones_for_Business_Educators Somers, M., 2001. Ethical Codes of Conduct and Organizational Context: A Study of the Relationship Between Codes of Conduct, Employee Behavior and Organizational Values. Journal of Business Ethics, March, 30(1), p. 185195. Trevio, L. Weaver, G., 2006. Behavioral Ethics in Organizations: A Review. Journal of Management, December, 32(6), pp. 951-990.

Great Expectations Essays (988 words) - English-language Films

Great Expectations Have you ever wonder how wealth can bring a person happiness and how it can change a person or does it make that person a better person who was once poor? Driving to a local grocery store for an example, to buy some food for your family to eat and at the register, you have a dollar left. So you decide to buy a lottery ticket and later that night watching TV, you out of million hit the jackpot which would change your life forever. Or just going to school everyday and doing your homework knowing that your family poor and have money problem, you kept up in school and later went to college and getting a master degree plus a well-pay career bring you wealth. Being poor to wealthy or being rich and staying rich as a child to an adult, does the wealth usually bring you happiness? In the novel "Great Expectation," Pip is a character who as a child become a wealthy person from a poor background family. As he grew up in a poor childhood, an opportunity came up for him to become rich and surely he took that opportunity from a secret benefactor which was Magwitch, Pip convict. Now being wealthy, Pip thought that it would bring him closer to the girl he loved, Estella. But it didn't. In return, he had more problems personally then before to face and wasn't enjoying his wealthy life. Wealth brought him to the path of broken love and change him because if Pip didn't take the job or opportunity to become rich at the Satis House where he first fell in love when he saw Estella. And now for him to get Estella, he has to change his old way of life to a higher class of people like Estella herself to even have a chance with her.(Chater 8) So according to Pip, wealth doesn't bring happiness, but it regard only one person only Pip. The way he live in London, he look back at his childhood and old lifestyle, he realize what a terrible place he grew up in and was an embarrass to him.(Part II of the novel until the end of the book or Chapter 20) When Pip was poor, his relationship with Joe was like father to son. But when Pip became wealthy, the relationship grew further apart until a point where Pip became a higher classmen then Joe which he was at the low classmen of people. Looking back now, Pip again realize how Joe was an embarrassment to him now and that he couldn't socialize with Joe. From what he realize, Pip didn't talk to Joe as often as he would thought when he came from poor to rich. So wealthy does change a person and in Pip case, it made him not a better person but a poorer person especially in attitude. But Pip is only one individual compare to hundreds of thousands of people. How about what other people experience other then Pip. Another character in the novel, Miss Havisham who almost have the same but simliar problem like Pip with wealth, love, and happiness. Miss Havisham being wealthy herself wanted to get marry with guy who name is Compeyson, but she thought that the marriage was base on love not money. She also didn't know that the guy Compeysonwas just after her money not her love. Her father warn her about this, but she didn't care. When the wedding day came and everything was set up, the guy she thought she was going to marry stood her up just as her father warn her. Now heartbroken and mad, Miss Havisham left everything that day like the wedding cake still on the table til the present day, molding away. Because being wealthy, Miss Havisham didn't find true love as she wanted and now so depress from that day, her lifestyle change to a witch like house. Not seeing the sun or letting sunlght enter her home, she growing old and wrinkle not having happiness to enjoy. Love was want Pip and Miss Havisham thought as happiness, but none of them got it because they were wealthy. In conclusion, so does wealth usually bring a person happiness? To my oppinion yes it should bring a person happiness because it let what the person want and desire knowing that they can afford it. It really depend on the person and what he or she think happiness is and their attitude toward other people about

Taking Social Entrepreneurship Seriously

Taking Social Entrepreneurship Seriously Synopsis The current social and environmental conditions in the world demand that the level of social entrepreneurship to be improved as it is yet to get to the desired level. This is due to the fact that there are still pertinent issues that affect the world population.Advertising We will write a custom article sample on Taking Social Entrepreneurship Seriously specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These issues include; poverty, curable and non curable diseases, violence and conflicts driven by ethnic or tribal differences, global warming, environmental pollution, slavery and human trafficking, as well as poor standards of education. An evaluation of these issues calls for intervention measures to be tried and corrected in order to ensure that people live in a better world. The situation has placed great responsibility on governments to ensure that they promote social entrepreneurs. However, most governments have failed in this endeavour as a result of inefficiency, corruption, bureaucracy and politicising of social and environmental issues. Intervention by social entrepreneurs is therefore critical as they possess the skills and level of devotion required to improve these issues. The author suggests that support from the government will go a long way to ensure that the work of social entrepreneurs touches on all affected people and is effective in terms of solving social and environmental issues (Dees, 181-183). Personal opinion on social entrepreneurship Social entrepreneurship can be used to solve most of the social and environmental problems currently facing the world. This is due to the fact that social entrepreneurs are mostly concerned with making the world a better place for both the current and future generations. This is in line with the view of the author of the article and therefore means that there is need to encourage more people planning to engage in social entrepreneurship to do so since the world ne eds them. My opinion is that the social and environmental problems that the world is facing have been as a result of the negligence of both the people and the governments of the various countries. It is therefore the responsibility of both the people and the governments to take measures to ensure that these problems are mitigated. The role of the government in this should be to support the social entrepreneurs in their activities. It is therefore clear that what the author of the article has suggested about the need for increased investments by social entrepreneurs and increased support by the government is a true representation of what should be done.Advertising Looking for article on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More My experience with social entrepreneurship is based on the contact I have had with non-governmental organisations and other not-for-profit organisations currently involved with initiativ es that seek to improve the living standards of people in various countries. There are various initiatives all over the world seeking to solve social and environmental problems and most of them are carried out by these organisations. The idea that the government should offer support to these organisations should be taken seriously so that any organisation seeking to invest in social entrepreneurship can get the support needed in terms of finances and infrastructure. It has been established that organisations which are supported by the government, even if it is in terms of legislation of appropriate laws and regulations, are more effective in serving the people than those that are not supported by the government. In real life, most human rights activists have consistently argued that the efforts of the government to solve social and environmental problems are wanting and that governments should focus more on solving the issues. Human rights activists all over the world are also known to call for social entrepreneurs to take up the responsibilities of improving the living conditions of people. They have also been known to encourage business entities to participate in solving social and environmental problems through their corporate social responsibility programs. Dees, Gregory J, â€Å"Taking Social Entrepreneurship Seriously† Society, 37.3 (2007): 179-184.Print

Review of Literature on Multicultural Literarture Dissertation

Review of Literature on Multicultural Literarture - Dissertation Example A very good introduction to the issues involved in multicultural literacy is provided by Carol D. Lee in her book Culture, Literacy and Learning: Taking Blook in the Whirlwind (Lee, 2007). The second part of the title is taken from a poem by Gwendolyn Brooks which advocates living and flourishing in a maelstrom of contradictory forces and this metaphor is used to illuminate the many pressures that children in some ethnic groups, and especially African Americans, experience when they are growing up. Lee argues for definitions that go beyond simple categorizations: â€Å"To analyse group membership in ways that take history and cultural practices into account, ethnicity is a more powerful and universal concept than race. Ethnicity takes into account history, identity, practices and beliefs.† (Lee, 2007, 11) This implies that educators must have a deep knowledge of their subject but also of the routine practices that go on outside the school gates, in families and among peer grou ps. If the experiences that the learner has in school are unrelated to the outside experiences, then many opportunities for learning are lost. Prior knowledge cannot be tapped into, and students are likely to have poor recollection of what they learn, and be unable to apply it in any realistic context. There is also likely to be a lack of motivation because the relevance of school learning is will be perceived as low. This means that a fundamental task of the teacher is to make sure that there is overlap between the world outside and the world of classroom learning. Programs like â€Å"Funds of knowledge† which bring in a diverse range of adults from the community, or the â€Å"Cultural Modeling Framework† which adds a focus on youth behaviour and â€Å"the very different demands of subject matter learning.† (Lee, 2007,11) Lee homes in on the type of assessments used, and describes interventions in a school with a high proportion of African American learners. Fa ctors like time limiting reading tasks are found to be counter-productive, and exercises such as reading and then talking are suggested as a better way of establishing how the reader engages with a text and makes sense of it than formal writing. Dialogue with the teacher is important, in order to bridge the gap between everyday language and reasoning, and the styles and standards expected in the academic setting. The book concludes that â€Å"displays of competence depend a lot on how competence is both defined and assessed †¦ we privilege particular kinds of displays as evidence of processes of internalization†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The implications of these insights for literacy are that teachers must seek a variety of ways of linking academic reasoning with everyday experiences, and must appreciate different learner styles, for example valuing the quiet learner who may be â€Å"inwardly attentive in ways that are difficult to assess.† (Lee, 2007, 174) Flores-Duenas (2004) dis cusses similar issues and presents a case study of four Latina(o) students illustrating the need to provide reading materials and discussion opportunities which validate the experience of a wide range of students and not just white European American students. The article is prefaced with a very interesting first person narrative

Marketing plan for Grey Goose Company Case Study

Marketing plan for Grey Goose Company - Case Study Example petitive price and extra ordinary taste, its level of preference is extremely high among the middle class of the society and so its brand value and market share is also quite high as compared to many other rival players such as Smirnoff, Skyy etc in the market of America. In spite of extreme aggressiveness, the demand and preference of Grey Goose Vodka is extremely high in the market of America as compared to other rivals. This is mainly due to the utilization of the special customized technology, which mixes potatoes in a unique way so as to present a unique quality and taste. Thus, due to this unique feature, the level of preference of Grey Goose Vodka is extremely high in the market. Moreover, as the vodka of Grey Goose might be consumed in both neat as well as in mixed way, so its level of demand is extremely high as compared to others. Thus, due to these above mentioned features, the sustainability and position of the organization of Grey Goose increased to a significant extent in this age of competitiveness. Positioning is the process of locating a specific product within the minds of the customers among many other rival brands in order to improve its total sale and market position. The organization of Grey Goose might try to re-position itself as a premium brand offering a wide range of superior and healthy malt spirits such as Grey Goose La Poire, Grey Goose L’Orange, Grey Goose Le Citron and many others. However, in order to improve its demand and customer base, it promoted itself as a healthier drink with superior quality, sophistication as well as modernity. Furthermore, in order to improve the sustainability and market share, all the products of Grey Goose are prepared from finest quality of ingredients that increased its level of preference among the adult section of the society. Hence, in spite of being a premium brand, its market share and total sale is quite high, due to its healthier taste as compared to others as presented below. Thus, from

In A Farewell to Arms, Hemingway portrays the idea that life and war Research Paper

In A Farewell to Arms, Hemingway portrays the idea that life and war create nothing but hopelessness and tragedy - Research Paper Example The relationship between Henry and Catherine blossoms and results in Catherine becoming pregnant. Post treatment, Henry has to return to the waterfront leaving behind Catherine and consequently is taken as captives. However, he manages to flee and returns to Catherine. Both of them escape to Switzerland where fate desolates them and both Catherine and the new born baby dies leaving Henry devastated. The theme of love, separation and desolation in the novel can be rightly claimed as a parallel to William Shakespeare’s immortal tale of love and sacrifice Romeo & Juliet. The major theme of this book was to present love as a major theme against war and all kinds of wrongdoing in the world. From the beginning to the end of this novel, every incident was associated with rain. And other images of water. The rain always associated with destruction, sorrow and death, As this story was all about the death of a lover and destruction caused by the war therefore the backdrop of rain was ap propriate to demonstrate the scenario. But in this story the rain was not only the symbol of destruction, it was also used as a symbol of life when Henry were able to escape from the authority twice through a river and lake. There was a clear indication that all the character of this novel was trying to dissociate themselves from the horror of war by means of involving in different games. For Henry, the biggest diversion was his love Catherine. He first treated his love as a game, but slowly started to realize the attraction and connection that he was having with her and how she able to change his life. This love story in the backdrop of the horror of WWI was a resemblance to the immortal love story of Romeo and Juliet. The story portrays that love is always more important than war, and life and war can only bring hopelessness and tragedy. A Farewell to Arms: A story of sacrifice A Farewell to Arms finds its place among the best tragic creations of Ernest Hemingway. Baker in his boo k says that Hemingway himself â€Å"referred to the story of Lieutenant Frederic Henry and Catherine Barkley as his Romeo & Juliet† (Bloom, 69). The striking similarity between Henry and Catherine and their Shakespearean counterparts, Romeo and Juliet is how the love relationship between them, which started as flirtation affair, graduated to mature relationship where they held their own even when the odds were stacked against them. The background of the love story between Catherine and Henry is the Austria-Italy war amidst the grueling World War I while the Shakespearean lovers had to hold out the Montague-Capulet family feud. Drawing other similarities between the two immortal creations of love and sacrifice, Baker says â€Å"Neither in Romeo & Juliet nor in A Farewell to Arms is the catastrophe a direct and logical result of the immoral social situation† (Baker 99). Baker concludes that Catherine’s death â€Å"is an unfortunate biological accident† and â€Å"the death of Shakespeare’s lovers is also precipitated by an accident – the detention of the message bearing friar† (Baker, 99). Baker also observes that â€Å"Catherine’s death,†¦.shows a kind of artistic inevitability. Except by a large indirection, the war does not kill Catherine any more than the Veronese feud kills Juliet†. (Bloom, 39). Hemmingway does not portray every graphical detail of the war. The only strong depiction of war comes in when the book illustrates the bombardment and injury of Henry immediately after the

Early childhood care and education

Early childhood care and education The purpose of this essay is to first of all analyse the historical and political underpinning of social injustice of early childhood education. Then, I will define cultural identity and demonstrate awareness of the ways in which childrens cultural identities impact in both their access to early care and education and any benefits they may gain from it. Then I will examine my own practice in order to address inequalities there and finally critically evaluate a wide range of research related to this topic. Early childhood care and education has apparently been based on an important topic such as social justice. It has mainly focused on children from poorer backgrounds, and been directed by two theories right from the beginning. The first is that the home is the main environment for care and education of children to occur, this is provided by the parents, siblings, relatives and family friends. The second option is an early years environment where children are taught through forming positive relations and learning experiences which will help them to be good and law abiding members of their society. Nevertheless, because the perception of the poor was that they were not just coping with poverty; they were also thought of as been deprived of their social and cultural aspects of their lives. This instigated the provision of nurseries outside the homes with the view of providing quality care for the children (Bloch, 1987). According to Cater and Goodwin (1994) there are three paradigms which have to be considered when exploring the social, economic and political history of early childhood care and education? These are the inferiority paradigm; the deficit or cultural deprived paradigm; and cultural difference paradigm. The inferiority paradigm is based on speculation that a certain race is genetically and biologically inferior to the white race. The culturally deprived paradigm is composed of racial, cultural, linguistic and socioeconomically diverse people to a white middle-class. The cultural difference paradigm is based on the influence of cultural differences on the lives, experiences and identities of diverse groups in ways that make them very special. All three paradigms have contributed to the preparation and running of the early years curriculum and early childhood policies. The inferiority paradigm was evident in the 18th and 19th century when the curriculum focused on spiritual salvation and moral development during Sunday schools, infant and primary schools where the poor and deprived children attended (Bloch, 1987; Nourot, 2005). This was to mould and shape the children to be law abiding citizens as those in charge of the institutions felt the mothers were failing them in their nurturing. Church missionaries funded crà ¨ches to assist the influx of immigrants from mostly Africa. In addition, Tyack (1974) informs us that these early years settings were run by rich white business men who held a view of certain morals so they used Christianity to glorify the study of values of dead rural traditions. The 1960s saw the war on poverty as a sign of the culturally deprived paradigm. This was because sociologists put forward a suggestion that it was in the best interest of the child to gain experiences at school as the home environment was not conducive. They therefore proposed that educators should create experiences in schools that would counter the effects of deprivation Cater Goodwin, 1994, p. 298). The cultural difference paradigm was picked up on by scientists in the early to mid 20th century. They raised issues to the fact that being of colour does not mean one is mad, but they are aware of the importance of their beliefs that clearly defines their culture. Multicultural education and the means of teaching cultural awareness are examples of cultural difference paradigm. The two actions did awaken practitioners in the field of childcare with regards to the awful treatment the children of colour have endured and that by accepting and bringing together their culture into the curriculum can improve and benefit them in their learning and achieving success (Carter Goodwin, 1994). Consequently, these paradigms have influenced development and how services are offered to children today. Needless to say in the 21st century the effect of childcare though is child- centred, there is still interest on the disadvantaged who need policies to improve their lives, hence the Green Paper Every Child Matters (DfEE, 2003b). This is to ensure every child reaches their full potential by being safe, enjoy and achieve, economical well being, make a positive contribution and being healthy. Furthermore, the introduction of the Special Educational Needs Code of Practice and Special Educational Needs and Disability Act ( DfEE, 2001) which deals with identification assessment and provision in the early years education settings all of which are expected to have regard to the Code of Practice. Another policy which has swept the UK by storm has been from the influence of Reggio Emilia from Italy and Te Whariki from New Zealand which has had some influence on the Early Years Foundation Stage. More so the Te Whariki as it also a government led initiative intended to work with children of diverse groups. Its take on holistic view of the child and empowerment of the child and family and the fact that the family is at the heart of the well-being of the child has captured the mind of the UK government as they seek ways of improving childcare and education in Britain. Britain is and has always been a multicultural society, which is evident as before it became United Kingdom. The history of slavery confirms that Africans were in Britain before the arrival of the Anglo-Saxon (Fryer, 1984). India was also associated with Britain over 10,000 years (Visram, 1986). Due to mass immigration from many parts of the world children come from diverse backgrounds into nurseries and schools. It is therefore very important that practitioners first of all learn to respect these children and then teach them to respect each other irrespective of disability, gender, skin colour, religion and beliefs or economic background. It is crucial that practitioners see children as part of society because they are vulnerable and need adults to care for them, value and protect them. This can be addressed when early years practitioners work in partnership with parents. The research of Siraj-Blatchford (1996) for the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) believe in schools having close contacts with parents. In my previous school, we made home visits before the children start in order to meet with the parents of the prospective child and the rest of the family. This is an opportunity to chat informally and gather information about the child, likes and dislikes in terms of food and things they like to do or not, as well as any medical concerns, dietary requirement and many more. It is also an opportunity to learn about the childs culture and language used at home and to make an initial assessment of what they are capable of. Above all this is the time when the practitioners and parents or carers establish mutual trust and identify any infringing barriers which can upset the childs development. Even though the nursery has an open-door policy for the parents to visit whenever without prior arrangements, if they take the initiative unannounced the teacher in charge gets cross which instantly creates a barrier and it goes against the policy. According to research children learn about their feelings from the way people treat them. If children are treated with love and respect, they gain a positive feeling about themselves and like to please the adults in their environment and work hard to be successful. However, if on the contrary they are treated poorly or know the adults in their environment do not appreciate their presence, they will feel down and have low self esteem and not make any attempt of striving to achieve anything in their lifes but see themselves as failures. This is in relation to my presentation regarding is my setting inclusive of children with social emotional and behaviour difficulties. Before children start nursery or school they have developed a culture in their homes where customs and traditions have been part of their lives so as practitioners we have a duty to know of the various cultures they come from. What is culture? It is about attitudes and values underpinning patterns of tradition and custom which determines everyday aspects of life, such as: role of men and women, bringing up children, language, how we eat, wash and care, furnish homes, religion, dance, music, art, literature, festivals and attitude to death and dying (Griffin, 2008). As culture is of great importance to the children and their families, we can unconsciously or without thinking create problems for the child through ignorance of the exact details regarding maybe their religion and other aspects of their culture. Therefore, we as early years educators have to be aware of the legislations and guidance which set out the framework of our responsibilities. An example is the Race relation Act of 1976 which is aimed to protect people from being discriminated against. Next, is the Childrens Act 1989 and Care Standard 2000 which set out for the registration and inspection of early years provision. The Equality Act 2006 made it illegal to discriminate in providing services based on the ground of religion. Subsequently, the Childcare Act 2006 requires an effective implementation of policies on equal opportunities and how a nursery is advocating diversity and differences. Children have basic human rights which according to Maslows hierarchy of needs are food, water, shelter, love and care, safety and protection. Because children have not got a voice they need other forms of protection as they are vulnerable and unable to ensure those who care for them take the responsibility to keep them safe. Notably the UN Convention specifies the rights of the child with regard to childcare and education that, children have the right to be with their family or those who care best for them, to provide enough food and clean water for their needs, adequate standard of living, health care, to play, kept safe, special care and training, not used as cheap workers or soldiers and to have a right to free education. In order for children to learn and develop well the provision has to adhere to standard 18 of the Guidance to the Standards for the award of Early Years Professionals Status (EYPS) which states that; EYPs commitment is to having strategies in place to meet the needs of all children, advocating for and upholding their rights and actively promoting equality of opportunity and anti-discriminatory practice. These are key to improving outcomes for children. In support of children to have admission to a quality provision there has to be equality of opportunity policy in place which will outline the admission criteria. This means opening up the right of entry for every child and their family so that they can make a full contribution in the educational settings. It is therefore important for practitioners and early years workers in every establishment to work according to the principles of equality and inclusive practice; these should be at the focal point of every setting. Seeing that early years workers are responsible for ensuring equal opportunities within their educational settings, it is very important that we support the children in our care to have the need to feel they belong in the nursery, as it is often the first establishment the child joins. Subsequently it is fundamental that the families are made to feel welcomed and to experience a sense of belonging. The Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) say, All families are important and should be welcomed and valued in all settings. In practice this is evident on entering the main entrance of the school I work at, there are displays of welcome posters in all the languages spoken by the children who attend. There is always a member of staff to greet the children and their parents on arrival; this gives them an opportunity to discuss any concerns or a share interest of their child. Equally during registration the children are encouraged to respond to their names in their first language. Furthermore, the school encourages parents of children in the upper years to befriend the newly arrived through the organization of coffee mornings or after school activities. This is organized by the EAL (English as an additional language) teacher. Due to the diverse and multicultural society we find ourselves in it is important that we all learn to appreciate, understand and respect the different cultures and religions these children and their families bring to the school or nurseries. We need to reflect on the various cultures and a multilingual approach in the environment the children are in. A typical example is that of my school where there are displays on the walls in the hall of flags of the various countries where these children come from. Similarly each child in the school has painted their portrait along the corridor which depicts the diverse nature of children who attend the school of their uniqueness and individuality. Each day of the week has a specific music played as the children enter the class to associate it with which day it is. On every Monday the music played is Disney, Tuesdays is Caribbean, Wednesdays is Classical, Thursdays is Asian and Fridays is African music. Also in the home corner of the nursery are dressing up clothes from different cultures, variety of food from different countries as well as pots and pans, chop sticks, wok, calabash and many more artefacts of other cultures. Children who are Bilingual are supported through the use of Makaton, Pecs and picture time tables, object of reference and use of key words from their first language by staff. The nursery has cookery sessions once every week where by the children are introduced to food from around the world. During the month of the Chinese New Year the children visit the Chinese supermarket to purchase the cooking ingredients required to prepare a stir-fry, which is a type of dish from the Chinese community. In the shop the children get to experience all the different vegetables and fruits that come from China. The school supports the various cultures in the school through celebration of festivals. During the festival seasons the school and nursery participate fully by engaging the children in various projects. Two years ago when we had some children from the Chinese origin in the school, we put on a show of a dragon parade around the school grounds. There was a build up to this occasion as the children made and decorated the dragon. Parents were invited into the school to tell stories about the celebration of the Chinese New Year and support the children with art and craf t, and read a story in Chinese during assembly. Last year all Waddon schools celebrated black history together, with each school choosing an activity to plan and execute. The representatives of my school chose to prepare food with the children to give them the experience of some African dishes. Some of the schools did art and crafts, whilst the others engaged in African dancing. A member of staff read an African folk story to the children during assembly. I was selected along with a colleague as are both from Ghana, to organise the cookery session. It was great fun as the children engaged in the activities with excitement. This took place in the hall because there were more children to accommodate. Nearly half the group were from either from Africa or the Caribbean or of mixed heritage, they felt confident to discuss the dishes which they were familiar with, with their peers. I feel this type of initiative brings everybody in the community together and broadens the childrens horizons as the activity involves hands on. However I fe el that a similar activity should be provided for the other cultures so that the children do not perceive that one culture is more superior to the other. Although the nursery I work at is part of the school, it for children with special educational needs, their abilities vary from physically able to wheel chair users. The children are taught to value each other and those more able bodied are challenged with responsibilities to support the wheel chair users. All the children have access to the same activities however there are differentiated to accommodate the needs of every individual child. During physical education, children who are not mobile will be assisted in floor activities such as bouncing on a ball or gently rocked in a fabric or receive exercise prescribed by Occupational Therapists. According to the Early Years Foundation Stage, Every child is a unique individual with their own characteristics and temperament this relates to a particular child who was expelled from a day nursery he attended prior to coming to us. He was deemed challenging, a danger to himself and his peers. When the other members in my nursery read his report and made a home visit they built up misconceptions that he would be a challenge from the behaviour they saw. However, after making close observation of him I realized what he needed desperately was lots of emotional support. This could be because there was problem at home as well as been told off by practitioners who did not see his needs but just thought he was a liability, not forgetting their attitude toward him may have made him feel insecure and that the only way he knows how to get attention was to be on his worse behaviour. The nursery worked with him to gain back his confidence and self esteem through listening to him, acknowledging his needs and making sense of his gestures and providing him with the right support he needed. In a matter of weeks this child had gained self esteem and now imitating the role of the teacher caring for his less mobile peers. He is now a competent signer as can now make his needs known through that instead of exhibiting negative behaviours. Language is a powerful tool, in order for practitioners to use a language which will rid us of discrimination and prejudices we have to turn to the work of theorists to assists us to reflect on our practices. The work of social justice enables us examine the way we use language and that of our colleagues to bring about fairness in our settings. This will require equal treatment and devotion on the part of every practitioner as well as to be able to reflective on incidences which otherwise could have being tackled better. How would you feel when you have a strong feeling of someone not liking you and whisper remarks to their colleagues about you or make unconscious gesture? Dont we have an ethical obligation to these children? Or think for a moment how they feel? As practitioners we must always strive to show dedication in our roles by promoting social change in using language of fairness and respect then we will be providing a safe environment for the children in our care. Notably Fe nnimore (2005) brings to our attention that language is undoubtedly a very powerful instrument for social justice which is at the hands of every early childhood practitioners. The placement where I am doing my work placement has nearly half the class of black African and Caribbean origin; however the employed staffs do not reflect the community. This does not matter if they are working with the children to reach their full potential. Even though all the children seem to cope, I have noticed the children of colour were missing out on a role model. This is evident as when I am there, some of the children of colour come to me and request to play with me most of the time. Furthermore, I have realized the books and puzzles do not reflect the community either. This is a big surprise as the manager has children of mixed race which should give her incentive to providing the nursery with a wide range of books and wide range of resources. Alternatively, I am impressed with other aspects such as the stock of African drums which was supplied to the nursery through a form of grant. However, to my dismay the staff will not join in play with the children, even though each and everyone have been trained to use the drum. Similarly, I feel that some of the employees are not devoted to the roles as they spend most of their time chatting amongs t themselves. The only interaction I have witnessed is during focus activity, when they have to tick boxes to evident an accomplishment. I do not feel they treat their jobs seriously; instead they treat the nursery as a social environment. According to Vygotsky children learn with the support of an adult or an older child who foster the development of knowledge and ability to interact which will benefits the child. Nevertheless children in the nursery are left on their own to explore by themselves. The only contact these children receive is during activity sessions which are very brief. I have also discovered that these children are not encouraged to take risks during play as they are quickly stopped by the staff. The EYFS on the other hand says that children should be given opportunities to take risks and make mistakes. In order to provide a successful inclusion of children, there has to be an intervention which will take on board the holistic needs of children as well as working in partnership with parents and multi-agencies. Most importantly there has to be adequate training given to the staff, the ratio of children and practitioners has to be considered carefully, enough provision of necessary resources and equipments, but above all everyone willing to commit fully in their roles and to work as a member of a team. Inclusion is possible if we all discard prejudice and embrace everybody irrespective of who they are. Research from the UEA and NCB (2007) and Edward et al (2006) have provided evidence to support that Childrens Trust Pathfinders and Childrens Fund interventions have produced better inclusion of young people with disabilities through fun and safe places to interact, resulting in increased sense of community among the children and young people as well as improved access to schools, mainly for refugee and asylum seeking children and a reduction in children taken into care. The other strategy which is early intervention means when problems are detected in its earlier stage, it is dealt with promptly. This can be related to the child who was expelled because the staff did not work hard in finding what issue he had which made him behave the way he did. But once identified he is one of the loveliest children I have known. In conclusion I have explored the history of multiculturalism in Britain and the research paradigms that have underpinned early childhood education. Equally I have explored practices in my previous employment as to how policies are affecting the settings or not.

The Importance of Motivation Essay examples -- Education Teaching

The Importance of Motivation Motivation is perhaps the most crucial element of a child’s education. According to Michael B. Brown, Ph. D at East Carolina University, an academically motivated student is a child that â€Å"wants to learn, likes learning-related activities, and believes school is important† (Brown, 1998). Thus a motivated student and a smart student are not categorically equivalent. While the correlation between intelligence and achievement is higher than the correlation between achievement and any other factor, the relationship is not perfect. For instance, 10 students with identical IQs will demonstrate variability in achievement on similar and dissimilar learning tasks (Andrews, 2003). Motivation is one of the primary causes of the range of scores. Thus, it is logical to conclude that in order to maximize a student’s potential, and in turn the educational experience, a student must be motivated. With the knowledge that motivation must precede success, it is clear that those in charge of educational planning should attempt to maximize motivation with the forthcoming technological advancements. The Nature of Motivation Before educators can begin to map out a plan to stimulate motivation via the use of technology, they must first have a sufficient understanding of the nature of motivation itself (Marlow, 1999). Motivation is not a static entity, but rather a constantly changing intrinsic essence that is continually being influenced by way of internal and external forces. As young children, we have a natural sense of motivation. This can be each time â€Å"a baby struggles to reach a toy, learn to walk or eat without help† (Brown, 1998). All of these are examples of motivation to learn. However, this natural inq... ... United States Department of Education. (n.d.). Technology and Education Reform. Retrieved April 6, 2004 from http://www.ed.gov/pubs/EdReformStudies/EdTech/index.html The site contains a very detailed description of the various changes in the classroom sparked by the advent of new technologies. Ysseldyke, J. (2002). Cooperative learning. University of Minnesota College of Education and Human Development. Retrieved April 29, 2004, from http://education.umn.edu/research/ResearchWorks/coop-learning.htm Ysseldyke detailed the five externalities of cooperative learning. He also described how these attributes influenced motivation. Weiner, R. (2000). More Technology Training for Teachers. New York Times. Retrieved on April 22, 2004 from http://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/22/technology/22EDUCATION.html?ex=1083211200&en=740fa1d60417ec03&ei=5070

U.S. Army

Objectives1.1Recognize a situation, problem, issue, or opportunity that needs addressing. 1.2Determine the significance, scope, magnitude, and feasibility of finding a solution to the situation, problem, issue, or opportunity. 1.3Identify ethical issues involved in business research.1.4 Describe the business research process. ReadingRead Ch. 1 of Business Research Methods. Read Ch. 2 of Business Research Methods. Read Ch. 3 of Business Research Methods Read Ch. 4 of Business Research Methods. Participation & Discussion QuestionsParticipate in class discussion 4 out of 7 days in a week. & Respond to weekly discussion questions. Nongraded Activities and Preparation Resource: Business Research Methods Review the â€Å"Bringing Research to Life† sections of Ch. 1 & 3 of Business Research Methods.Respond to the following:†¢What evidence is presented that shows effort was made to understand the management dilemma? †¢Identify and classify all of the variables in the U.S. Ar my’s dud shell research. †¢What was Myra’s hypothesis for the U.S. Army’s dud shell research? What was the U.S. Army’s hypothesis? Nongraded Activities and PreparationResource: Business Research Methods Review Exhibit 4.1, â€Å"The Research Process,† in Ch. 4 of Business Research Methods.Find a case study of a research example in which a clear statement of the management dilemma leads to a precise and actionable research.Explain the management dilemma, the management question, and the research question(s).Answer the following questions:†¢Why did you consider the research to be actionable? †¢Was the business research process followed in its entirety?IndividualCurrent Events in Business ResearchWrite a 300-word summary of the business research process by describing the business research process from your experience in the workplace or in an article you find through the University Library. Format your paper consistent with APA guidelin es.Week Two: The Purpose of Business ResearchDetailsObjectives2.1State the purpose of the business research. 2.2Develop appropriate research questions and hypotheses. 2.3Identify dependent and independent variables in business research. ReadingRead Ch. 5 of Business Research Methods. Read Ch. 6 of Business Research Methods. Read Ch. 11 of Business Research Methods. Review Ch. 3 of Business Research Methods.ParticipationParticipate in class discussion 4 out of 7 days in a week. & Respond to weekly discussion questions.Nongraded Activities and PreparationApp DevelopmentIt is estimated that it costs approximately $55,000 to generate an application (app) for the Apple ® iPhone ® mobile digital device. Just offering an app is not a guarantee of success. The most successful apps are sold as downloads and they offer functional value. In addition, Apple takes weeks to review an app.Based on this information, answer the following questions:†¢If you worked for Apple, what research wo uld you want see in a proposal to approve a new app for the iPod ® mobile digital device? Why? †¢What research would not be appropriate? Why?IndividualBusiness Research EthicsResources: The University Library or the Electronic Reserve Readings Find an article using the University Library or in the Electronic Reserve Readings that discusses unethical business research conduct that has resulted in individuals or a firm being convicted, or at least tried for, this conduct. Some examples include the following:†¢Asking inappropriate questions †¢Skewing research results †¢Failing to maintain participants’ confidential information †¢Using participant information for unintended purposes such as selling goods or services Summarize the article you researched.Write a 750-word paper in which you address the following questions: †¢What unethical research behavior was involved?†¢Who were the injured parties? †¢How has the unethical behavior affecte d the organization, the individual, and society? †¢How could the unethical behavior be avoided or resolved? Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines.Learning Team ReflectionCollaborate with your learning team to discuss the previous week’s objectives. Discuss how you can apply them to a business setting or situation.

Free Essays on The Advantage Of Stupidity

The Advantages of Stupidity Most people say being stupid will lead no where. They claim that it is the worst possible condition in which to spend one's life, and if possible, it should be completely avoided. They would even suggest if the symptoms of stupidity are caught in the early stages, it could easily be treated by a surgeon. The most effective method used to do this is the chainsaw technique, later described in volume two. Yet, perhaps if people took a closer look at some of the advantages stupidity had to offer, they wouldn't have such a negative attitude toward it. After reading this paper, one will understand the advantages of stupidity. Admittedly, stupidity has certain disadvantages. Life isn't a bowl of cherries. And being stupid doesn't make it any fruitier. Being stupid can annoy even the most sensitive people. If one acts stupid, and does it in the wrong crowd, like a group of adults, it will seem more immature than funny. If one is forced to act stupid while dealing with lower life forms, for example, high school teachers, one may encounter barriers such as cruelty and insensitivity, with the utterance of statements like, "Think with your head straight!" or, "You have a brain, use it." Yet these are all true, there are still many advantages to stupidity. The first advantage is very easy to understand. Stupid people are never asked to do a lot. Many have noticed that people tend to steer away from someone they feel may be stupid. This is for a very good reason. The stupidity which they posses makes a name for themselves, a name which can be very difficult to shake. Possibly, it is a word which describes the working habits of the person, such as "crappy". Yet, this creates a positive situation for the stupid person. They will have a lot of free time on their hands for more of lifes truly meaningful pleasures. Some of these ac... Free Essays on The Advantage Of Stupidity Free Essays on The Advantage Of Stupidity The Advantages of Stupidity Most people say being stupid will lead no where. They claim that it is the worst possible condition in which to spend one's life, and if possible, it should be completely avoided. They would even suggest if the symptoms of stupidity are caught in the early stages, it could easily be treated by a surgeon. The most effective method used to do this is the chainsaw technique, later described in volume two. Yet, perhaps if people took a closer look at some of the advantages stupidity had to offer, they wouldn't have such a negative attitude toward it. After reading this paper, one will understand the advantages of stupidity. Admittedly, stupidity has certain disadvantages. Life isn't a bowl of cherries. And being stupid doesn't make it any fruitier. Being stupid can annoy even the most sensitive people. If one acts stupid, and does it in the wrong crowd, like a group of adults, it will seem more immature than funny. If one is forced to act stupid while dealing with lower life forms, for example, high school teachers, one may encounter barriers such as cruelty and insensitivity, with the utterance of statements like, "Think with your head straight!" or, "You have a brain, use it." Yet these are all true, there are still many advantages to stupidity. The first advantage is very easy to understand. Stupid people are never asked to do a lot. Many have noticed that people tend to steer away from someone they feel may be stupid. This is for a very good reason. The stupidity which they posses makes a name for themselves, a name which can be very difficult to shake. Possibly, it is a word which describes the working habits of the person, such as "crappy". Yet, this creates a positive situation for the stupid person. They will have a lot of free time on their hands for more of lifes truly meaningful pleasures. Some of these ac...

To Kill a Mockingbird By Harper Lee essays

To Kill a Mockingbird By Harper Lee essays The name of my novel is To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee. Harper Lee was born on April 28, 1926 in Monroeville Alabama, a city of about 7,000 people in Monroe County, which has about 24,000 people. Monroeville is in southwest Alabama, about halfway between Montgomery and Mobile. She is the youngest of four children of Amasa Coleman Lee and Frances Finch Lee. Harper Lee attended one year at Huntingdon College in 1944-45, studied law at the University of Alabama 1945-49, and studied as an exchange student one year at Oxford University. In the 1950s she worked as a reservation clerk with Eastern AirLines and BOAC in New York City. In order to concentrate on writing Harper Lee gave up her position with the airline and moved into a cold water apartment with makeshift furniture. Her fathers illness forced her to divide her time between New York and Monroeville, a practice she has continued. In 1957 Miss Lee submitted the manuscript of her novel to the J.B. Lippincott Company. She was told that her novel consisted of a series of short stories strung together, and she was urged to re-write it. For the next year and a half she re-worked the manuscript with the help of her editor, Tay Hohoff, and in 1960 To Kill a Mockingbird was published, her only published book. On May 29, 1961 the Alabama Legislature passed a resolution to congratulate Miss Lee on her success. That year she had two articles published: Love-In Other Words in Vogue, and Christmas To Me in McCalls. Christmas to Me is the story of Harper Lee receiving the gift of a years time for writing from friends. When Children Discover America was pub lished in 1965. In June of 1966, Harper Lee was one of two persons named by President Johnson to the National Council of Arts. Miss Lee attended the 1983 Alabama History and Heritage Festival in Eufaula, Al. Miss Lee has received a number of honorary doctorat...

Socrates and Euthyphro Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Socrates and Euthyphro - Essay Example As Socrates and Euthyphro argue over the definition of piety, we will examine them to find out as to what facts are relevant in this dialogue of Euthyphro. Euthyphro, a priest comes to the court to prosecute his own father, on charges of killing the former’s servant. In this context Socrates (who is in the court because he has been accused of impiety) wanted to find out as to what is really meant by the term piety (or morally good), since Euthyphro, by his own version, is doing an act of piety by defying all conventions and prosecuting his own kin, his father. So Socrates starts by asking Euthyphro the definition of piety, to which Euthyphro says his very act of coming to the court to prosecute his father in order to fight for justice, is piety (first definition). However, Socrates disagrees and tells him, that the act is certainly pious, but does not define the term piety. To explain this in simpler terms we can say take any sentence as an example. When asked to define the term ‘bread’, the sentence ‘this basket contains bread’, may be a correct statement, but certainly does not define the term ‘ bread’. Realizing his mistake Euthyphro then comes forward with the second definition, where he says piety is an act loved by the gods. Here again Socrates intervenes, and tells him that there may be instances where the Gods may disagree amongst themselves. Then the act cannot be pious, since there is no clear consensus between the Gods. The third definition that Euthyphro then puts forward is that acts of piety are loved by all the Gods. After this definition, Socrates puts forward the question â€Å"Is what youre doing pious because it is loved by the gods, or do the gods love what youre doing because what youre doing is pious?†(Cahn, ibid). Here lies the dilemma, that is, if we accept certain act to be pious just because God commanded them to be so, then the distinction between good and bad becomes the

Ethical Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Ethical - Case Study Example Siemens bribed any government official in various countries, so as to get the lucrative tenders. The bribery by Siemens was practiced in countries known all over the world for corruption such as Nigeria and unfortunately even countries renowned for transparency such as Norway and Greece were caught in the scandal. However, in February 1999, after significant pressure from countries such as the United States, Germany finally outlawed giving of bribes to foreign officials. However, instead of stopping the habit of giving bribes to the foreign officials, Siemens continued doing so discretely. Instead of abiding by the law, the firm came up with what was referred to as a â€Å"paper program.† This was an internal program that was supposed to punish the wrong doers or the people who participated in bribery. Unfortunately, the program did not punish the wrong doers. The company made millions through fraudulent deals to the expense of other firms. Soon after legalizing giving of bribery to foreign officials in the year 2000, authorities in Austria as well as Switzerland started becoming suspicious of some payments worth millions of dollars that Siemens was making to some offshore accounts. After lengthy investigations, some of the top managers at Siemens were arrested and some even prosecuted . Bribery and other related corrupt practices are unethical and unacceptable in any business circle. This is because it undermines the ethical corporate culture. To a larger extent bribery is known for mutilating fundamental corporate values of honesty and integrity. The Siemens scandal in our case which involved key employee bribing top officials of the business in foreign countries in order to win contracts was a serious unethical practice. In always vital for all companies to compete for tenders and contracts on fair ground, but unfortunately bribes are often used to distort the market place in order to favor a particular company over others. For instances, top